References

References

Allaby,M. (2006). Dictionary of Plant Sciences. Oxford: Oxford Press.

Andrews,J., Brimblecombe,P., Jickells,TimD., Liss,P. & Reid,B. (2004). An Introduction to environmental chemistry. Australia: Blackwell Publishing

Chapman,R.F. (1998). The Insects Structure and Function.           Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Huff,E. (2011). armers speak out: GMOs are a trap that Monsanto is using to take over agriculture. Natural News. Retrieved 20, 2012 , from

http://www.naturalnews.com/033368_farmers_Monsanto.html#ixzz1jzZ42onN.

Huff,E. (Sunday, August 21, 2011).The Obama administration love affair with GMOs is selling America down the river to agricultural ruin. Natural News. Retrieved 20, 2012 , from

http://www.naturalnews.com/033387_Obama_GMOs.html#ixzz1jzZlM3dN

Lucas,G. (2003). Life Cycle Progress of Decay. Compendium of Tobacco Diseases. 2, (31), 30.

Mabberley,D. (2006). The Plant – Book. Cmbridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tate,G. (2003). Silver Leaf Disease. Compendium of Stone Fruit Diseases. 2, (23), 30.

Week 3 Paraphrazing and Sumary

According to the author in Eoropean Commision Agriculture and Rural Development (2012), today CAP allow farmers to pruduce what they want without redusing their payment from EU. On the other side, farmers have to protect and respect the enviroment and food quality in order not to lose their payment from EU. This reforms will create a cleaner future for society

Genetic Engineering. A blessing or a curse?

Genetic Engineering. A blessing or a curse?

 Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct human manipulation of an organism's genome using modern DNA technology. It involves the introduction of foreign DNA or synthetic genes into the organism of interest. The introduction of new DNA does not require the use of classical genetic methods, however traditional breeding methods are typically used for the propagation of recombinant organisms.
 There are some advantages. First of all it could be an incredibly powerful tool if it's used properly. Don't use any chemical pesticides or fertilisers and we try to work with nature as much as possible. The beans are much more profitable to grow than conventional beans and they have become the country's biggest export. Their crops suffer from much lower levels of insect damage and they have to spray much less pesticide. If anywhere needs to benefit from farming technology, it is here. No-one is saying GM is the total solution to all these problems. But if there is a chance it can provide some of the answers, then we need to pursue it.
 Also thus making the plant resistant to the herbicide. Fields of altered crop plants could then be treated with the herbicide and all no engineered plants—the weeds—would be killed. Without the weeds, the crops would grow better and yield more, thus decreasing the amount of land that must be used for agriculture. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis pro­duces a protein that is poisonous to insects but not to humans. It is relatively easy to transfer the gene for this toxin into plants, creating what are known as bt plants. btCorn has already been genetically engineered this way and the plants resist damage caused by chewing insects.
 On the other hand there are some disadvantages. it is a dangerously untested science that threatens environmental disaster. Many smaller farmers have been squeezed off their land by the expansion of the mega-farms and huge areas of natural forest are being cleared to make way for more Soya. The genetically modified genes may spread into other non-GM crops. If we ended government subsidies and price support systems that distort the true need for foods, food would not be grown just to be warehoused or discarded. Vast amounts of toxic pollen blow away from corn fields, land­ing on the leaves of other plants, coating them with a poisonous "dust."
 Finally as a conclusion there are benefits and risks about Genetic Engineering. So be careful! 

Week8 Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct human manipulation of an organism's genome using modern DNA technology. It involves the introduction of foreign DNA or synthetic genes into the organism of interest. The introduction of new DNA does not require the use of classical genetic methods, however traditional breeding methods are typically used for the propagation of recombinant organisms.
Resources : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering